Arterial system of Frog
it includes all the arteries. Arteries carry bloods away from heart. The artericl system in frog beings with truncus arterious. The trumats divides into left and right branches or trunks, each of which subdivides into three major vessels or aortic arches:
Common barnchial arch: It is a short vessel running forward and outward, but soon divides into 2 branches: external and internal carotides.
A. External carotid: It is the smaller inner branch carrying blood to the tongue and adjacent parts. It is also called lingual.
B. Internal carotid: It is the larger attes branch. At its base it forms a little swelling. The carotid labyrinth. Its lumen is converted into a labyrinth by folding of the walls. It is probably a sense organ and controls blood pressure in the internal barntie artery. The internal carotid divides into 3 branches - a palatine to the some of mouth, a cerebral to the brain and an ophthalmic to the eye.
Systemic arch: It is the longest of the three arches and with greatest distribution of blood. The two systemic archer curve dorsally around the oesophagus and join with each other behind the heart to form the dorsal aorta. In its course each systemic arch gives off 3 arteries:
a. Oesophageal. A small artery to oesophagus.
b. Occipition-vertebral. It immediately sends an occipital branch to occiput or posterior part of head, and a vertebral branch to vertebral column and spinal cord.
c. Subcalvian: It is a large supplying the shoulder region and extending into the forelimb as brachial artery.
Dorsal aorta: As already said, it is formed by the union of both the systemic arches. It stop posteriorly lying mid.dorsally just beneath the vertebral coloun. It gives off the following arteries :
a. Coeliaco-mesentric. It is a single large artery arising from the junction of the two systemic arches. It has two main branches : the coeliac to stomach, pancrease and liver; and the anterior mesentric to spleen and intestine.
b. Gonadial. A pair of short arteries to gonads. Called spermatic. In male frog and overian in female frog.
c. Renal. While passing between the two kidneys, dorsal costa sends off 5-6 pairs of small renal arteries in a series into both the kidneys.
d. Posterior mesentric. It arises from the posterior end of dorsal aorta, or sometimes from anterior mesentric. It goes to large intestine or rectum.
e. Commo iliacs. The dorsal costa finally bifurcates posteriorly into two common liliacs, each supplying an epigastric to ventral body wall, rectovesciluar to rectum and urinary bladder, femoral to hip and upper thigh, and sciatic to lower leg.
Pulmocutaneous arch: It divides into main arteries, pulmonary to the lung and cutaneous to skin of dorsal and lateral sides.
it includes all the arteries. Arteries carry bloods away from heart. The artericl system in frog beings with truncus arterious. The trumats divides into left and right branches or trunks, each of which subdivides into three major vessels or aortic arches:
1) common carotid
2) systemic and
3) pulmocutaneous.
Common barnchial arch: It is a short vessel running forward and outward, but soon divides into 2 branches: external and internal carotides.
A. External carotid: It is the smaller inner branch carrying blood to the tongue and adjacent parts. It is also called lingual.
B. Internal carotid: It is the larger attes branch. At its base it forms a little swelling. The carotid labyrinth. Its lumen is converted into a labyrinth by folding of the walls. It is probably a sense organ and controls blood pressure in the internal barntie artery. The internal carotid divides into 3 branches - a palatine to the some of mouth, a cerebral to the brain and an ophthalmic to the eye.
Systemic arch: It is the longest of the three arches and with greatest distribution of blood. The two systemic archer curve dorsally around the oesophagus and join with each other behind the heart to form the dorsal aorta. In its course each systemic arch gives off 3 arteries:
a. Oesophageal. A small artery to oesophagus.
b. Occipition-vertebral. It immediately sends an occipital branch to occiput or posterior part of head, and a vertebral branch to vertebral column and spinal cord.
c. Subcalvian: It is a large supplying the shoulder region and extending into the forelimb as brachial artery.
Dorsal aorta: As already said, it is formed by the union of both the systemic arches. It stop posteriorly lying mid.dorsally just beneath the vertebral coloun. It gives off the following arteries :
a. Coeliaco-mesentric. It is a single large artery arising from the junction of the two systemic arches. It has two main branches : the coeliac to stomach, pancrease and liver; and the anterior mesentric to spleen and intestine.
b. Gonadial. A pair of short arteries to gonads. Called spermatic. In male frog and overian in female frog.
c. Renal. While passing between the two kidneys, dorsal costa sends off 5-6 pairs of small renal arteries in a series into both the kidneys.
d. Posterior mesentric. It arises from the posterior end of dorsal aorta, or sometimes from anterior mesentric. It goes to large intestine or rectum.
e. Commo iliacs. The dorsal costa finally bifurcates posteriorly into two common liliacs, each supplying an epigastric to ventral body wall, rectovesciluar to rectum and urinary bladder, femoral to hip and upper thigh, and sciatic to lower leg.
Pulmocutaneous arch: It divides into main arteries, pulmonary to the lung and cutaneous to skin of dorsal and lateral sides.
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